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Sequence item 0: expected str instance, bytes found in Python - LearnShareIT

Sequence item 0: expected str instance, bytes found in Python

Sequence item 0: expected str instance, bytes found in Python

If you are in a lot of trouble with the error “Sequence item 0: expected str instance, bytes found” in Python when concatenating strings, keep reading. Our article will explain to you the root of the problem and provide you with some solutions to fix it.

The reason of this error

The error occurs when you merge a byte data type with the delimiter is the string data type. You use the join() function to combine a byte data type, while the separate (the space) is the string data type.

Look at the following example that makes the error.

Code:

# Declare a byte string
string = b'Learn Share IT'
 
print(type(string))
 
# Split the byte string
string = string.split()
 
# Merge the byte string that cause the error
string = " ".join(string)
 
print(string)

Result:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  line 10, in <module>
    string = " ".join(string)
TypeError: sequence item 0: expected str instance, bytes found

As you can see, after splitting the byte string, we have a list that contains byte strings as its elements. After that, we use the join() function to merge them, but the specified delimiter belongs to the string class. This inconsistency causes the error.

Solutions for the error “Sequence item 0: expected str instance, bytes found” in Python

Because of the difference between the type of the string class and the byte class, the error occurs. We can quickly eliminate the error by using the same data type of delimiter and the joined string. It means byte with byte and strings with string.

Use the join() function with the byte data type

If you want to apply the join() function to a byte string, use the delimiter in the byte class. Add the character b at the beginning of the ” ” to make it become a byte character, and the error will disappear.

Code:

# Declare a byte string
string = b'Learn Share IT'
 
# Split the byte string
string = string.split()
 
# Merge the byte string
string = b" ".join(string)
 
print("The byte string is:", string)

Result:

The byte string is: b'Learn Share IT'

Use the join() function with the string data type

You can also join the byte string as a normal string by converting all the byte substrings into a normal string by combining the map() and lambda() functions. Then merge them as usual.

Code:

# Declare a byte string
string = b'Learn Share IT'
 
# Split the byte string
string = string.split()
 
string = list(map(lambda x: x.decode('utf8'), string))
 
# Merge the string
string = " ".join(string)
 
print("The string is:", string)

Result:

The string is: Learn Share IT

Summary

In summary, the error “Sequence item 0: expected str instance, bytes found” in Python occurs because you use an inconsistency between the normal string delimiter and the joined byte string. You can quickly eliminate the error by using the same data type of the delimiter and the joined string: byte with byte or string with string.

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